Late Intermediate Period

Ceramics of the local Collagua style dominate the decorated ceramics found throughout the Upper Colca survey area. Pastoral facilities are rich in decorated ceramics resembling the main Colca Valley styles described by Wernke and others and underscoring the close links between Collagua polity in the Colca valley, and their expanding herding sector on the adjacent puna. Sherds of the Colla type, the Lake Titicaca Basin LIP style, were found in the northern part of Block 2 and also along the trail leading from Block 2 towards Block 1 and the Colca valley. Relatively close economic and cultural links are expected between LIP groups in the Colca and the Titicaca Basin as these groups shared a number of traits including the Aymara language, chulpamortuary architecture, and the defensive pukarahilltop settlements. Yet, interestingly, no Colla sherds were encountered in Block 3, the upper Colca valley, although the ceramics and architectural evidence shows that the Collagua presence was relatively strong in this area. This may be explained in terms of ecological complementarity, as one might expect the Colla to have been actively trading with the lower Colca valley agriculturalists, but the upper Colca valley is at the same elevation as the Titicaca Basin and thus it had relatively little to complement the goods available in the Titicaca Basin.

The LIP occupation of Block 3 appears to have been focused around agricultural plots and pastoralism in the adjacent high puna. Evidence of abandoned agricultural plots was noted both upstream and downstream of Callalli (3,900 masl) with furrowed areas that were likely planted in frost resistant crops like quinoa or tubers.