Given the weak evidence of Archaic occupation in the Block 3 area, traces of early logistical sites and hunting blinds were difficult to discern from the well-distributed pastoral period evidence. As described above, archaeological sites were judged to contain pre-pastoral components belonging to logistical sites and hunting blinds when assemblages were of low diversity and long term site occupation evidence was slight. Often such sites are hard to definitely characterize as "archaic logistical sites" because the sites were found in places that appeared to be either predominantly later occupation period, or they were situated in were from ridgelines and other relatively exposed, steep, and waterless locations that were judged to be relatively unsuitable for long-term residential occupation.
A number of sites fall into the category of logistical sites and hunting blinds because it is essentially a catch-all category of potential pre-pastoral behaviors that do not contain definitive evidence for later occupation, such as ceramics. However, during the wet-season herders in the Upper Colca area return to the valleys (Markowitz 1992) and the slopes above the city of Callalli become suitable grazing land. A herder tending the flock high on the slopes might knap stone and create an aceramic site far from pastoral facilities or bofedales. Thus, it is difficult to conclusively say that the Block 3 aceramic sites (shown in Figure 6-25) predate the Terminal Archaic; the aceramic distribution is presented here conditionally.
Sitem |
Sites |
Block 3m |
Block 3s |
Block3 m - Sitem |
|
Altitude (masl) |
3947.2 |
83.7 |
3984.5 |
87.45 |
+37.3 |
Slope (degrees) |
9.8 |
5.5 |
12.3 |
8.5 |
-2.5 |
Aspect (degrees) |
SE |
SE |
SW |
SE |
NE |
Visibility/Exposure |
38.3 |
24.2 |
39.1 |
23.4 |
+.8 |
Dist. to Bofedal (m) |
1420 |
600 |
1024.8 |
567.9 |
-395.2 |
Table 6-42. Environmental characteristics of aceramic sites.
An exploration of the environmental circumstances of these aceramic sites shows that the sites are found in higher altitude areas, relative to the terrain in Block 3, and the distribution are on relatively steep slopes for site locations. The highly variable aspect measure is not particularly informative, though it shows a slight tendency towards south-east exposures in a block that trends to the south-west. These sites are found in relatively exposed, high visibility areas, and they tend to be farther than average from bofedales, though on the whole bofedales are not widespread in Block 3. Examples of such sites would include a few that contain diagnostic pre-pastoral Archaic projectile points, but also appear to contain evidence of later occupations.