Further discussion of database normalization and relates, overlays, buffers, and other means of working with GIS data in a relational database structure.
In class presentations.
Manipulating data through queries, overlays, and other methods become more complex with relational databases, but understanding how to work with these data is fundamental to organizing a project in digital structure.
The GPS system run by the US Government uses WGS84 datum and decimal degrees as the internal coordinate system.
If you're using a consumer-level GPS and you like to export your data to a GIS in the future, then this coordinate system is probably the most versatile. Also, if you'd like to overlay your data on web maps such as Google Maps "Mashups" then WGS84 decimal Degrees are the format that is needed. In this format you won't have to worry about keeping track of your UTM Zone and the transformation being used.
However you should use the projected UTM coordinate system if you want to make measurements while you are in the field because instead of being in the Degrees the UTM system is in Metric units. You have to use a polar projection in high latitude areas because the UTM system doesn’t extend to the polar regions.
A good review of Datums and coordinate systems is online at Peter Dana’s website
http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/datum/datum.html
Exercises: finding datasets, global coverage:
Data acquisition methods for anthropological research.
This week's class will focus on data organization and management for GIS applications to anthropological research. Specifically, we will spend time discussing the importance of relational databases and means of organizing and querying data organized into related tables.
In this exercise we will learn how to create a polygon shapefile by digitizing the polygon from an satellite image of the pyramids of Giza.